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KMID : 1143420180110010002
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Public Health Weekly Report
2018 Volume.11 No. 1 p.2 ~ p.7
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Results of laboratory-based acute viral gastroenteritis surveillance in Korea, 2016
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Cho Seung-Rye
Lee Deok-Young
Kang Chun
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Abstract
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Background: Acute gastroenteritis is more prevalent among children younger than 5 years, and general etiological agents in diarrhea include norovirus (NoV), group A rotavirus (RoV), enteric adenovirus (AdV), astrovirus (AsV) and sapovirus (SaV). In this study, we analyzed data from the laboratory surveillance of acute gastroenteritis sporadically induced by viral pathogens in Korea, in 2016.
Methodology: Screening was performed for NoV using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and samples yielding positive results were confirmed with RT-PCR. The antigens of RoV and AdV were detected by enzyme immune assay methods and the genotypes of AdV antigen-positive samples were confirmed with PCR. Specific genes of AsV and SaV were detected by duplex RT-PCR methods. The genotype was determined by conducting a BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) search and phylogenetic analysis was performed with MegAlign program after nucleotide sequencing.
Results: A total of 9,546 diarrhea samples were investigated and 1,554 samples (16.3%) showed positive results. NoV was the most prevalent pathogen (9.2%), followed by RoV (3.0%), AdV (1.8%), AsV (1.8%), and SaV (0.6%). NoV was predominant in the winter season (Nov-Feb), while the prevalence of RoV peaked during the spring season (Jan-May). GII.4 was the most prevalent genotype for NoV and type 41, type 1a and GI.1 were the most prevalent genotypes for AdV, AsV and SaV, respectively.
Conclusion: Acute viral gastroenteritis was most commonly found in children younger than 5 years in Korea, in 2016. Particularly, the positivity rate of NoV was the highest, at 9.2%. The detection rates of AdV, AsV, and SaV were gradually increasing, compared with those of the preceding year. Recently, their outbreaks have been reported, although their detection rates were low for sporadic case. Therefore, comprehensive and continuous surveillance is recommended to identify the prevalence of acute gastroenteritis caused by different pathogens.
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KEYWORD
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Gastroenteritis, Prevalence, Children, Diarrhea, Phylogenetic
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